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Vol. 37, no. 2 (Summer 1995)


Contents

Articles

Rhetorical Structure of a Kalispel Narrative Paul D. Kroeber 119
"Pachamama is a Spanish word": Linguistic Tension between Aymara, Quechua, and Spanish in Northern Potosí (Bolivia) Rosaleen Howard-Malverde 141
A Preliminary Reconstruction of Proto-Waikurúan with Special Reference to Pronominals and Demonstratives Verónica G. Ceria and Filomena Sandalo 169
Social Motivations for Politeness Behavior in Christian Sermonic Discourse Alex K. Dzameshie 192

Book Reviews

Semantic and Lexical Universals: Theory and Empirical Findings (Cliff Goddard and Anna Wierzbicka, editors) Jean-Pierre Koenig 216
Language, History, and Identity: Ethnolinguistic Studies of the Arizona Tewa (Paul V. Kroskrity) Willem J. de Reuse 219
Aleut Dictionary / Unangam Tunudgusii: An Unabridged Lexicon of the Aleutian, Pribilof, and Commander Islands Aleut Language (Knut Bergsland, compiler) Michael Fortescue 222
We People Here: Nahuatl Accounts of the Conquest of Mexico (James Lockhart, translator and editor) Stafford Poole 224
Perspectives on the Southeast: Linguistics, Archaeology, and Ethnohistory (Patricia B. Kwachka, editor) Karen M. Booker 226
Ararapíkva Creation Stories of the People: Traditional Karuk Indian Literature from Northwestern California (Julian Lang, translator and editor) Richard Keeling 228
The Irish Language in the United States: A Historical, Sociolinguistic, and Applied Linguistic Survey (Thomas W. Ihde, editor) Steve Coleman 230
French Today: Language in Its Social Context (Carol Sanders, editor) Malcah Yaeger-Dror 232
The Languages of Jerusalem (Bernard Spolsky and Robert L. Cooper) Lawrence Besserman 234
Language Contact and Change: Spanish in Los Angeles (Carmen Silva-Corvalán) Manuel J. Gutiérrez 236
Sibawayh the Phonologist: A Critical Study of the Phonetic and Phonological Theory of Sibawayh as Presented in His Treatise, al-Kitab (A. A. al-Nasir) Salman H. Al-Ani 239
Telephone Conversation (Robert Hopper) Maria Sifianou 242
Language, Culture, and Society: An Introduction to Linguistic Anthropology (Zdenek Salzmann) Karl V. Teeter 244
Living with Africa (Jan Vansina) John Hanson 245

Abstracts

Rhetorical Structure of a Kalispel Narrative

Paul D. Kroeber
Washington, D.C.

Abstract. Rhetorical devices occurring in a Kalispel text recorded by Hans Vogt are examined. Deployment of quoted speech is seen to be important to the structure and meaning of the narrative: different characters are assigned different amounts of quoted speech; conflicting perspectives on the narrated situation emerge in the speech of various characters; and the speech of the principal character is given prominence through its use as a marker of structurally significant points in the narrative, a prominence also reflected in the use of focusing morphology to foreground that character.

"Pachamama is a Spanish word": Linguistic Tension between Aymara, Quechua, and Spanish in Northern Potosí (Bolivia)

Rosaleen Howard-Malverde
University of Liverpool

Abstract. This paper explores the interrelationship between the Aymara, Quechua, and Spanish languages in the central highlands of Bolivia today. Starting from the premise that the socio-geographical distribution and patterns of use of these languages can be explained in terms of unequal social, economic, and political power, the paper reviews the macro-sociolinguistic situation in the region and proceeds to a micro-level analysis of mutual phonological and lexical influences. It then questions whether such processes as semantic remodeling by the less powerful, indigenous languages are an effective mode of resistance to lexical interference from Spanish, the more socially dominant tongue.

A Preliminary Reconstruction of Proto-Waikurúan with Special Reference to Pronominals and Demonstratives

Verónica G. Ceria and Filomena Sandalo
University of Pittsburgh

Abstract. Presented here is the first systematic evidence that supports a genetic relationship between members of the heretofore hypothesized Waikurúan language family, spoken in the Brazilian and Argentinean Chaco area of South America. That evidence, moreover, establishes the existence of two previously hypothesized branches of the family. We provide a reconstruction of the phonology, pronominals, and demonstratives of Proto-Waikurúan as well as demonstrate regular phonological and grammatical correspondences that separate the two branches within the family.

Social Motivations for Politeness Behavior in Christian Sermonic Discourse

Alex K. Dzameshie
University of Ghana, Legon

Abstract. This paper examines how face threatening acts (FTAs) are mitigated with politeness strategies (PSs) in Christian sermonic discourse and argues that ministers use PSs as strategic rhetorical moves aimed at achieving their overall discourse goal of gaining favorable hearing for their messages. Focusing on four types of FTAs and nine PSs, the study has found that even though the degrees of mitigation of FTAs vary across church groups, all the ministers make a prudent mix of FTAs and PSs as evidenced by the correlation between the number of FTAs and PSs.

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